On Thursday, January 8, 2026, the Syrian Network for Human Rights documented the arbitrary detention by Israeli occupation forces of four civilians from the town of Jabata al-Khashab in the countryside of Quneitra Governorate, namely: Muhab Mahmoud Mrayoud, Suleiman Ahmed al-Ali, Ahmed Hussein Mrayoud, and Ahmed Muhammad Mrayoud, during a ground incursion supported by military vehicles carried out by the Israeli occupation forces on the road connecting the town of Jabata al-Khashab and the village of Ain al-Bayda in the countryside of Quneitra Governorate.
According to information obtained by the Syrian Network for Human Rights from reliable local sources, a force belonging to the Israeli occupation forces set up a temporary checkpoint in the area during its incursion and detained the four civilians as they passed through. They were transferred to the Al-Hamidiyah point. The Network recorded their release on the same day after several hours of detention, but without any clear legal procedures, which makes their detention fall under the category of arbitrary detention prohibited under international human rights law.
Legal Conclusions:
- The arrest of civilians without a judicial warrant, a clear security necessity, or charges, and without respect for fair trial guarantees, constitutes arbitrary detention under Article 9 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which prohibits deprivation of liberty without legal basis.
- As the detained civilians are residents of a territory temporarily occupied (due to the Israeli military incursion), their forcible transfer to a military facility belonging to the occupying power constitutes a violation of Articles 49 and 147 of the Fourth Geneva Convention, which prohibit the forcible transfer and unlawful detention of protected persons.
- According to Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions (Article 75), all detained persons must be treated humanely, with respect for their legal rights. This was not respected in this case, neither in terms of the legal basis for the detention, nor in terms of its duration or location. • The Israeli military incursion and detention operations inside Syrian territory constitute a flagrant violation of Article 2(4) of the UN Charter, which prohibits the use of force against the territorial integrity of any member state, and are considered acts of aggression that contravene the rules of international law.
- The detention of civilians in their villages is a repressive measure that infringes upon their economic and social rights and indicates the targeting of civilians based on their local environment or geographic location. This is a prohibited act of reprisal.
- The repeated incursions and occupation of military barracks inside Syria, along with the execution of security operations and detentions, are practices that entrench an unrecognized occupation reality and may pave the way for demographic change or the imposition of a de facto military authority, threatening wider and more serious violations.
The Syrian Network for Human Rights (SNHR) strongly condemns the Israeli ground incursion, raids, and arbitrary detention of civilians. It affirms that these practices constitute a flagrant violation of international humanitarian law, including the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. In this context, SNHR recommends the following:
- A clear international condemnation of the unlawful detention by Israeli occupation forces, recognizing it as a violation of the Geneva Conventions and the UN Charter, warranting legal accountability.
- A call for the UN Security Council and Human Rights Council to investigate the incident through mechanisms such as the International Independent Mechanism (IIIM), and to document it within the pattern of Israeli violations in southern Syria.
- A demand that Israel disclose the details of the detention operation, provide public legal justifications, and compensate the detained civilians for the violations they suffered, including material and psychological damages.
- The deployment of international monitoring forces or the expansion of the mandate of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) to include monitoring cases of detention and violations against civilians in Syrian border areas. • Activate international criminal accountability mechanisms, particularly the International Criminal Court (ICC), to consider classifying these practices as war crimes related to unlawful detention in occupied or disputed territories.
- Improve the protection of civilians in conflict zones by establishing local early warning networks and documenting unauthorized movements of foreign forces, in cooperation with local civil society organizations and human rights defenders.
