On Friday, August 8, 2025, Youssef Abdullah Al-Sawan, a 10-year-old child from the city of Palmyra in the eastern countryside of Homs Governorate, was killed and four other children injured by a landmine explosion in the city of Palmyra. It should be noted that the area is under the control of the transitional government.
This area is among the sites that have witnessed changes in control between the parties to the conflict, making determining who planted the mine extremely complex.
Legal Conclusions:
- The mine explosion that killed Yousef Al-Suwan and injured four other children is an example of how the effects of conflict continue to threaten the lives of civilians.
- The continued presence of landmines in populated areas or close to civilian activity, without their removal or warning to the population, constitutes a violation of positive protection obligations under international humanitarian law, particularly Article 10 of the Amended Protocol to the Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW) on Mines, Booby-Traps, and Improvised Explosive Devices.
- The failure of the controlling parties to provide mine maps or place clear warning signs exposes civilians to death or injury and constitutes a violation of the duty to warn and inform stipulated in international humanitarian law.
- The inability to identify the party that planted the mine raises the issue of impunity, which requires an independent investigation and emphasizes the need for comprehensive documentation of remnants of war and contamination sites to avoid recurring incidents.
- The continued presence of mines in civilian areas poses a threat to the right to life and physical integrity.
The Syrian Network for Human Rights’ recommendations:
- Open an urgent investigation into the incident to determine which parties to the conflict planted mines in the area, and hold the responsible party legally responsible for negligence or deliberate action.
- Accelerating land clearance operations from mines, especially in agricultural and pastoral areas close to population centers, in cooperation with international organizations such as the United Nations Mine Action Service (UNMAS), the Syrian Red Crescent, and the Syrian Civil Defense.
